Abelian integrals and non-generic turning points (Q2144654)

The present paper considers the Chebyshev property of abelian integrals $\bar I_{-n}(h), \bar I_{0}(h), \bar I_1(h),\ldots,\bar I_{m-1}(h)$ generated by a non-generic turning point in planar slow-fast systems, where $n>1$ is an integer and $\bar I_j(h)=\int_{\gamma_h}\bar x^{2j+1}\mathrm{d}\bar y$ with $\gamma_h$ being the oval described by the level of energy $\{(\bar x,\bar y)\mid 2ne^{-2n\bar y}(\bar y-\bar x^{2n}+1/(2n))=h, \,h\in(0,1)\}$. The authors show that $(\bar I_{-n}, \bar I_{0}, \bar I_1,\ldots,\bar I_{m-1})$ is an ECT-system near the endpoints of the interval $(0,1)$, and give the monotonicity property of the quotient $I_0/I_{-n}$ on the interval $(0,1)$ for each $n>1$. Such abelian integrals generalize the abelian integrals produced by a generic turning point ($n=1$), introduced in [\textit{F. Dumortier} and \textit{R. Roussarie}, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., Ser. S 2, No. 4, 723--781 (2009; Zbl 1186.34080)], and play an important role in studying the number of limit cycles born from the non-generic turning point.