Vertical versus horizontal Sobolev spaces (Q2173030)

Let \(\alpha \geq 0\), \(1 < p< \infty\), and let \(\mathbb{H}^n\) be the Heisenberg group. The authors show that a horizontal Sobolev space is continuously contained in the vertical Sobolev space. As applications, the authors prove that it implies that bounded Lipschitz functions on \(\mathbb{H}^n\) have a \(\frac{1}{2}\)-order vertical derivative in \(\mathrm{BMO}(\mathbb{H}^n)\) and it yields a fractional order generalization of the (non-endpoint) vertical versus horizontal Poincaré inequalities.