Discrete series multiplicities for classical groups over \(\mathbb{Z}\) and level 1 algebraic cusp forms (Q2186093)

Let \(S_{\underline k}(\Gamma_g)\) be the space of cuspidal Siegel modular forms for the full Siegel modular group \(\Gamma_g= \mathrm{Sp}_{2g}(\mathbb Z)\), vector valued of weight \(\underline k = (k_1, k_2,\ldots , k_g) \in \mathbb Z^g\) with \(k_1 \geq k_2 \geq\cdots \geq k_g \). The authors show: a) There is an explicit and implemented formula computing \(\dim S_{\underline k}(\Gamma_g)\) for any \(g \leq 8\), and any \(\underline k\) with \(k_g > g\). b) The dimension of \(S_{\underline k}(\Gamma_g)\) for \(13 \geq k_1 \geq ...\geq k_g > g\), and \(\underline k\) non scalar, is given by Table 5. The dimension of \(S_{\underline k}(\Gamma_g)\) for any \(k \leq 13 \) and any \(g \geq 1\) is given by Table 6. For example: \(S_{ k}(\Gamma_g)\) vanishes whenever \(k \leq 13\) and \( g \geq k\), except in the three following situations: \(\dim S_{12}(\Gamma_{12}) = \dim S_{13}(\Gamma_{16}) = \dim S_{13}(\Gamma_{24}) = 1\). \(S_{13}(\Gamma_g)\) has dimension \(1\) for \( g = 8, 12, 16, 24\), and \(0 \) otherwise. The tables are in: G. Chenevier and O. Taïbi, Tables and source of some computer programs used in this paper, \url{https://gaetan.chenevier.perso.math.cnrs.fr/levelone/}, \url{https://otaibi.perso.math.cnrs.fr/levelone/}, or the Electronic Supplementary Material published online by Springer along with this article. c) There are exactly 13 level 1 cuspidal algebraic automorphic representations of \(\mathrm{PGL}_m\) over \(\mathbb Q\), with \( m\) varying, with motivic weight \( 23\), and having the weight \(23/2\) with multiplicity \(1:\) (i) 2 representations of \(\mathrm{PGL}_2\) generated by the eigenforms in \(S_{24}(\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb Z))\), (ii) 3 representations of \(\mathrm{PGL}_4\) of weights \(\pm 23/2, \pm v/2\) with \(v = 7, 9 \text{ or } 13\), (iii) 7 representations of \(\mathrm{PGL}_6\) of weights \(\pm 23/2, \pm v/2, \pm u/2\) with \((v, u) = (13, 5), (15, 3), (15, 7), (17, 5), (17, 9), (19, 3), (19, 11)\), (iv) 1 representation of \(\mathrm{PGL}_{10}\) of weights \(\pm 23/2, \pm 21/2, \pm 17/2, \pm 11/2, \pm 3/2\). They are all self-dual (symplectic) and uniquely determined by their weights. d) There are exactly 3 level 1 algebraic cuspidal self-dual automorphic representations of \(\mathrm{PGL}_m\) over \(\mathbb Q\), with \(m\) varying, with motivic weight 24 and regular weights. They have respective sets of weights \(\{\pm12,\pm8,\pm4, 0\}, \{\pm12,\pm9,\pm5,\pm2\}\) and \(\{\pm12,\pm10,\pm7,\pm1\}\). e) Assume \(G = \mathrm{SO}_n\) with \(n \leq 17\), or \(G = \mathrm{Sp}_{2n}\) with \(2n \leq 14\). Then the masses \(m_c\), for \(c \in \mathcal C(G)\), are given in the web page cited above. f) The masses \(m_c\), for \(c \in \mathcal C(\mathrm{Sp}_{16})\), are computed. The paper contains a wealth of information either on effortless computation techniques or historical facts.