Summing multilinear operators by blocks: the isotropic and anisotropic cases (Q2190015)

The seminal work of \textit{A. Pietsch} [in: Operator algebras, ideals, and their applications in theoretical physics, Proc. int. Conf., Leipzig 1983, Teubner-Texte Math. 67, 185--199 (1984; Zbl 0562.47037)] is a cornerstone in the concept of summing multilinear operators, and the subject evolved in many ways since then. In this paper, the authors investigate a general framework that encompasses, in a very clever and effective manner, several directions of the study of summing multilinear operators between Banach spaces. The environment developed considers multilinear operators that are summing with respect to sums taken over any number of indices: (i) sums over only one index, called isotropic case, that is, the classical absolute summability notion due to {A. Pietsch}; (ii) sums over all indices, the multiple summability theory due to \textit{M. C. Matos} [Collect. Math. 54, No. 2, 111--136 (2003; Zbl 1078.46031)] and \textit{F. Bombal} et al. [Q. J. Math. 55, No. 4, 441--450 (2004; Zbl 1078.46030)]; (iii) sums iterated with several parameters and over all indices, called anisotropic case, related to the classical inequalities of Littlewood and Bohnenblust-Hille; (iv) sums over some specific partition of the indices and any other arbitrary set of indices (see [\textit{N. Albuquerque} et al., Ann. Funct. Anal., 9, 4, 574-590 (2018; Zbl 1442.47007)]). Besides that, the \(\ell_p\) and weak-\(\ell_p\) norms are replaced by general sequence norms: the sequence class introduced by \textit{G. Botelho} and \textit{J. R. Campos} [Monatsh. Math. 183, No. 3, 415--435 (2017; Zbl 1434.46026)]. Let \(n \in \mathbb{N}\), \(E_1,\dots,E_n,F\) be Banach spaces, \(X_1,\dots,X_n,\,Y_1,\dots,Y_n\) be sequence classes and \(B \subset \mathbb{N}^n\) a set of indices (called block), and also let us consider the iterated sequence classes \(\mathbf{Y}_n := Y_1(\dots (Y_n(F)) \dots)\). The general notion introduced by the authors, called \textit{block}-summability for short, reads as follows: a multilinear operator \(T : E_1 \times \dots \times E_n \to F\) is said to be \(\left(B; X_1,\dots,X_n; Y_1,\dots,Y_n\right)\)-summing, if the following condition holds: \((x_j^{(k)} )_{j\in \mathbb{N}} \in X_k(E_k)\), \(k=1,\dots,n\), implies that \[ \left( T\left(x_{j_1}^{(1)},\dots,x_{j_n}^{(n)}\right) \right)_{(j_1,\dots,j_n) \in B} \in \mathbf{Y}_n (F). \] In order to manage this general framework with effectiveness, one of the techniques used is to deal with the arbitrary blocks of indices in an iterated way. Many directions were taken to illuminate the fruitfulness of this concept. Examples on how this general concept recovers a large number of special classes of multilinear operators are presented. Several Banach multi-ideal properties are provided. Also, a general coincidence result that generalizes a previous known coincidence theorem for multiple summing bilinear operators is presented.