On spectrally bounded linear maps on \(B ( X )\) (Q2190017)

Let \({\mathcal L}(X)\) be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on a complex Banach space \(X\), and let \(X^*\) denote the dual space of \(X\). For any operator \(T\in {\mathcal L}(X)\), let \(r(T)\) denote its spectral radius. The author characterizes all linear surjective maps \(\varphi\) on \({\mathcal L}(X)\) which satisfy the following two properties: \begin{itemize} \item[P1:] given any \(A,~B\in{\mathcal L}(X)\), there is a positive constant \(M_{A,B}\) such that \(r(\varphi(A)+\lambda \varphi(B))\leq M_{A,B} r(A+\lambda B)\) for all \(|\lambda|\leq 1\); \item[P2:] \(r(\varphi(T))=0\) implies \(r(T)=0\). \end{itemize} Observe that the first property is less than the fact that \(\varphi\) is spectrally bounded (i.e., \(\varphi\) is a map for which there is \(M>0\) such that \(r(\varphi(T))\leq M r(T)\) for all \(T\in {\mathcal L}(X)\)). Observe also that both properties combined imply that \(\varphi\) preserves quasinilpotency in both directions, i.e., \[ r(T)=0\iff r(\varphi(T))=0,\quad T\in \mathcal L(X). \] However, the full characterization of all surjective spectrally bounded linear maps on \({\mathcal L}(X)\) and the complete description of all surjective linear maps on \({\mathcal L}(X)\) preserving quasinilpotency in both directions still remain open problems.