Equidistribution of curves in homogeneous spaces and Dirichlet's approximation theorem for matrices (Q2191147)

In the present article, the main attention is given to the problem on the Diophantine approximation for matrices. A certain result on simultaneous approximation of a matrix of real numbers by integral vectors which was proven by Dirichlet in 1842, and also some finer question, are considered. Surveys given in this paper are devoted to these problems and some related problems. The authors present that ``the purpose of this paper is to give a geometric condition for each \((m, n)\), and show that if an analytic curve (in the space of \(m\) by \(n\) real matrices) \[ \varphi: I=[a,b]\to M(m\times n, \mathbb R) \] satisfies the condition, then almost every point on \(\varphi\) is not DT-improvable (here DT stands for Dirichlet's Theorem).'' The definitions of an observable Lie subalgebra and an observable Lie subgroup, generic and supergeneric curves, are given. In addition, one can note the following considered items: -- Dirichlet's approximation and homogeneous dynamics. -- Equidistribution of expanding curves in homogeneous spaces. -- Relation to extremality of submanifolds in homogeneous spaces. -- Preliminaries on Lie group structures. Also, the generic condition and the supergeneric condition are considered in the appendix in detail (examples of supergeneric analytic curves and curves being generic but not supergeneric are given). One can summarize by the abstract of the authors: ``In this paper, we study an analytic curve \(\varphi: I=[a,b]\to M(m\times n, \mathbb R)\) in the space of \(m\) by \(n\) real matrices, and show that if \(\varphi\) satisfies a certain geometric condition, then for almost every point on the curve, the Diophantine approximation given by Dirichlet's Theorem can not be improved. To do this, we embed the curve into a homogeneous space \(G/ \Gamma\), and prove that under the action of some expanding diagonal subgroup \(A=\{a(t): t\in\mathbb R\}\), the translates of the curve tend to be equidistributed in \(G/ \Gamma\), as \(t\to+\infty\). The proof relies on the linearization technique and representation theory.''