On the jumping lines of bundles of logarithmic vector fields along plane curves (Q2192684)

The article under review studies the jumping lines of the rank two bundle of logarithmic vector fields associated to a reduced plane curve. More precisely, let \(S = k[x_0,x_1,x_2]\) be the polynomial ring of \(\mathbb{P}^2\) over a field \(k\) and let \(f \in S_d\) be a homogeneous polynomial of degree \(d\) defining a reduced plane curve \(C\). The first syzygy module \(E_C\) of the Jacobian ideal \(J = (\partial f/\partial x_0, \partial f/\partial x_1, \partial f/\partial x_2)\) is a graded \(S\)-module given by \((E_C)_i := \{(a,b,c)\in S^3_i\mid af/\partial x_0+b \partial f/\partial x_1+c\partial f/\partial x_2 = 0\}\), whose sheafification is the rank two bundle \(\mathscr{E}_C\) on \(\mathbb{P}^2\) in question. The behavior of the jumping lines of \(\mathscr{E}_C\) are understood when \(E_C\) is free or nearly free, see [\textit{T. Abe} and \textit{A. Dimca}, Int. J. Math. 29, No. 8, Article ID 1850055, 20 p. (2018; Zbl 1394.14020); \textit{A. Dimca} and \textit{G. Sticlaru}, Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 54, No. 1, 163--179 (2018; Zbl 1391.14057); J. Algebr. Comb. 50, No. 4, 363--378 (2019; Zbl 1437.14037)], whereas this paper studies the general case when \(E_C\) is arbitrary. It is known that the generic splitting type of \(\mathscr{E}_C\) can be determined from the minimal degree \(r\) where the module \(E_C\) is nonzero. Further, it is known that the bundle \(\mathscr{E}_C\) is stable if and only if \(2r \ge d\). Let \(N(f) := H^0_m(S/J)\), the zero-th local cohomology module of \(S/J\) supported on the irrelevant ideal \(m\) of \(S\). The first result of this article is the determination of the Hilbert function of \(N(f)\) in a certain range when \(\mathscr{E}_C\) is stable and unstable respectively, see Theorem 3.1 and 3.2. The authors then conclude that \(N(f)\) satisfies strong Lefschetz property in this range when \(\mathscr{E}_C\) is unstable, see Corollary 3.3. Next, for a given line \(L\) defined by a linear form \(l\), the authors study the relation between the splitting type of \(\mathscr{E}_C|_L\) and the Lefschetz type properties of the multiplication by \(l\) on the module \(N(f)\). Let \(V_m(C)\) denote the subset of the dual projective space of lines in \(\mathbf{P}^2\) consisting of lines \(L\) where \(\mathscr{E}_C|_L\) has a section in degree \(m\). The main results here are regarding the dimension and cardinality of various loci \(V_m(C)\) in terms of numerical properties of the module \(N(f)\), see Corollary 4.5 and 4.6 for the unstable and stable case respectively. When \(d = 2d'\) is even and \(\mathscr{E}_C\) is semistable, the above results relate to the work of \textit{W. Barth} [Invent. Math. 42, 63--91 (1977; Zbl 0386.14005)], where the jumping line locus \(V_{d'-1}(C)\) is a plane curve defined by the determinant of the mapping \(N(f)_{3d'-2} \xrightarrow{l} N(f)_{3d'-1}\). When \(d = 2d'+1\) is odd and \(\mathscr{E}_C\) is semistable, the above results relate to the work of \textit{K. Hulek} [Math. Ann. 242, 241--266 (1979; Zbl 0407.32013)], where the jumping lines of the second kind is defined by the vanishing of the determinant of the mapping \(N(f)_{3d'-4} \xrightarrow{l^2} N(f)_{3d'-2}\). Last but not least, the authors study the relationship between the zero dimensional scheme \(Z(\rho)\) defined by the vanishing of a least degree section \(\rho\) of \(\mathscr{E}_C\) and that of a jumping line \(L\). It is shown that in the unstable case a line \(L\) is not a jumping line if and only if it avoids \(Z(\rho)\), see Theorem 5.4, 5.10 and Corollary 5.5. In the stable case, a line \(L\) avoiding \(Z(\rho)\) maybe a jumping line, but its order of jump is bounded above, see Theorem 5.7.