The bilinear Hilbert transform in UMD spaces (Q2205568)

The bilinear Hilbert transform originated Calderón's work in 1960 and was studied by many authors. Particularly, \textit{M. Lacey} and \textit{C. Thiele} [Ann. Math. (2) 146, No. 3, 693--724 (1997; Zbl 0914.46034); ibid. 149, No. 2, 475--496 (1999; Zbl 0934.42012)] used a newly-developed form of time-frequency analysis to establish the \(L^p(\mathbb{R})\) bounds for the bilinear Hilbert transform. Since then, the study of the bounds for the bilinear Hilbert transform has been an active topic in harmonic analysis. On the other hand, the UMD spaces and various variants have been studied by many authors over the last several years. Based on the above, the authors established the \(L^p\) bounds for the bilinear Hilbert transform acting on functions valued in intermediate UMD spaces. The main ingredients of the proof are some bounds on embeddings from Bochner spaces \(L^p(\mathbb{R};X)\) into outer Lebesgue spaces on the time-frequency-scale space \(\mathbb{R}_{+}^3\). Personally speaking, this paper is very interesting and very well written. This paper involves a large amount of definitions, notation and references, which increases its richness. Meanwhile, there elements also add a lot of difficulty to control. Overall, this article is a very nice piece of work.