Bilinear decomposition and divergence-curl estimates on products related to local Hardy spaces and their dual spaces (Q2215815)

Let \(0<p<1\), \(\alpha=1/p-1\) and \(\Phi_p(\tau):= \tau/(1 + \tau^{1-p})\). Let \(H^p(\mathbb R^n)\), \(h^p(\mathbb R^n)\), \(\text{bmo}\ (\mathbb R^n)\), \(H^{\Phi_p}(\mathbb R^n)\), \(h^{\Phi_p}(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(\Lambda_{n\alpha}(\mathbb R^n)\) be, respectively, the Hardy space, the local Hardy space, the local bmo space, the Orlicz Hardy space and the local Orlicz Hardy space associated with \(\Phi_p\), and the inhomogeneous Lipschitz space on \(\mathbb R^n\). The authors main results are the following: (i) There exist two bounded bilinear operators \(S : h^p(\mathbb R^n)\times\Lambda_{n\alpha}(\mathbb R^n) \to L^1(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(T : h^p(\mathbb R^n)\times\Lambda_{n\alpha}(\mathbb R^n) \to h^{\Phi_p} (\mathbb R^n)\) such that \(f \times g = S(f, g) + T(f, g)\) in \(S^\prime(\mathbb R^n)\). (ii) There exist two bounded bilinear operators \(S : H^p(\mathbb R^n)\times\Lambda_{n\alpha}(\mathbb R^n) \to L^1(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(T : H^p(\mathbb R^n)\times\Lambda_{n\alpha}(\mathbb R^n) \to H^{\Phi_p} (\mathbb R^n)\) such that \(f \times g = S(f, g) + T(f, g)\) in \(S^\prime (\mathbb R^n)\). (iii) Let \(\Phi(\tau) := \tau\log(e + \tau )\). Then, there exist two bounded bilinear operators \(S : H^1(\mathbb R^n)\times \text{bmo}\ (\mathbb R^n)\to L^1 (\mathbb R^n)\) and \(T : H^1(\mathbb R^n)\times \text{bmo}\ (\mathbb R^n) \to H^{\Phi}_\ast(\mathbb R^n)\) such that \(f\times g=S(f,g) +T(f, g)\) in \(S^\prime (\mathbb R^n)\). Here \(H^{\Phi}_\ast(\mathbb R^n)\) is the variant Orlicz Hardy space. These extend the study of the bilinear decomposition of the product of Hardy spaces and their dual spaces, initiated by \textit{A. Bonami} et al. [Ann. Inst. Fourier 57, No. 5, 1405--1439 (2007; Zbl 1132.42010)]. To prove the above, they apply the inhomogeneous renormalization of wavelets. As applications, the authors also obtain some estimates of the product of elements in the local Hardy space \(h^p(\mathbb R^n)\) with \(0<p<1\) and its dual space, respectively, with zero \(\lfloor {n\alpha}\rfloor\)- inhomogeneous curl and zero divergence, where \(\lfloor {n\alpha}\rfloor\) denotes the largest integer not greater than \(n\alpha\). Moreover, they find new structures of \(h^{\Phi_p}(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(H^{\Phi_p} (\mathbb R^n)\) by showing that \(h^{\Phi_p}(\mathbb R^n) = h^1(\mathbb R^n) + h^p(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(H^{\Phi_p}(\mathbb R^n) = H^1(\mathbb R^n) + H^p(\mathbb R^n)\) with equivalent quasi-norms, and also prove that the dual spaces of both \(h^{\Phi_p}(\mathbb R^n)\) and \(h^p(\mathbb R^n)\) coincide.