On \(pq\)-fold regular covers of the projective line (Q2220959)

In the paper, non-abelian \(pq\)-fold regular covers of the projective line are studied. Let \(p\) and \(q\) be odd primes such that \(p\) divides \(q-1\). Let \(r\) be a primitive \(p\)-th root of unity in the field of \(q\) elements. The unique non-abelian group of order \(pq\) will be denoted by \(G_{p,q}\). We have that \(G_{p,q}:=\langle a, b : a^q=b^p=1, bab^{-1}=a^r\rangle \cong C_q \rtimes C_p\). In Theorem 1 the author gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the action of the group \(G_{p,q}\) on a Riemann surface of genus greater than 1. Let \(n,m \geq 0\) be integers such that \(n + m \geq 3\). There exists a compact Riemann surface \(S\) of genus greater than one endowed with a group of automorphisms isomorphic to \(G_{p,q}\) acting on it with signature \(s_{n,m} := (0; p, \overset{n} {\dots}, p, q,\overset {m}{\dots},q)\) if and only if \(n \geq 2\). In this case, the genus of \(S\) is \(g = 1 - pq + nq(\frac{p-1}{2}) + mp(\frac{q-1}{2})\). Let \(\mathcal{M}_g\) denote the moduli space of compact Riemann surfaces of genus \(g \geq 2\). Let \(G\) be a group and let \(s\) be a signature. The subset of \(\mathcal{M}_g\) of all those compact Riemann \(S\) surfaces of genus \(g\) with a group of automorphisms isomorphic to \(G\) acting with signature \(s\) is called a family. The interior of that family consists of those Riemann surfaces whose automorphism group is isomorphic to \(G\) and is formed by finitely many equisymmetric strata which are in correspondence with the pairwise non-equivalent topological actions of \(G\). In addition, the closure of the family is formed by those surfaces whose automorphism group contains \(G\). For each pair of integers \(n, m \geq 3\), the set of compact Riemann surfaces admitting a group of automorphisms isomorphic to \(G_{p,q}\) acting on them with signature \(s_{n,m}\) form a family of complex dimension \(n + m - 3\) in the singular locus of \(\mathcal{M}_g\). This family is denoted in the paper by \(\mathcal{C}_{n,m}\). Theorem 2 gives an algebraic description for each compact Riemann surface \(S\) lying in the family \(\mathcal{C}_{2,m}\) for \(m \geq 1\). This description is given in terms of a singular plane algebraic curve whose projective desingularization is isomorphic to \(S\). Theorems 3, 4 and 5 study and describe the families \(\mathcal{C}_{2,2}\), \(\mathcal{C}_{4,0}\) and \(\mathcal{C}_{3,1}\), respectively. Each family consists of a number of equisymmetric strata. An upper bound for this number is provided, namely, \(q(p-1)\), \(q(p-1)(p^2-3p+3)\) and \(q(p-1)(p-2)\), respectively. In Theorems 6 and 7 the author studies the decomposition of the Jacobian variety \(JS\) of a Riemann surface \(S\) in the family \(\mathcal{C}_{n,m}\).