Summable solutions of the Goursat problem for some partial differential equations with constant coefficients (Q2235676)

In this article, the author is interested in the Goursat problem for linear partial differential equations in two complex variables \[ \begin{cases} P(\partial_t,\partial_z)u(t,z)=f(t,z),\\ u(t,x)-v(t,z)=O(t^jz^\alpha), \end{cases} \tag{1}\] where \(P(\partial_t,\partial_z)\) is a linear partial differential operator of finite order, and where the inhomogeneity \(f(t,z)\) and the Goursat data \(v(t,z)\) belong to the space \(\mathbb C[[t,z]]\) of formal power series in \(t\) and \(z\). Such a problem arises in various linear and nonlinear partial differential equations with mixed derivatives; for instance, the nonlinear wave equations, the sine-Gordon equation, the Helmholtz equation, the hyperbolic Ernst equation in a triangular domain, the Euler-Darboux equation in a triangle, etc. \textit{M. Miyake} and \textit{M. Yoshino} [Nagoya Math. J. 135, 165--196 (1994; Zbl 0807.45002)] proved the unique solvability of problem (1) in Gevrey class for a general linear operator \(P(\partial_t,\partial_z)\) with holomorphic coefficients in a neighborhood of the origin, generalizing thus a previous result of \textit{J. Leray} [J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 53, 133--136 (1974; Zbl 0287.35064)]. More recently, \textit{P. Remy} [J. Dyn. Control Syst. 26, No. 1, 69--108 (2020; Zbl 1437.35150)] studied problem (1) to characterize the summability of the solution of the Cauchy problem in the case where the Newton polygon of \(P(\partial_t,\partial_z)\) admits a unique positive slope. In the present paper, the author considers the case when \(P(\partial_t,\partial_z)\) has constant coefficients, and he is also interested in the summability of the solution of problem (1) when the Newton polygon of \(P(\partial_t,\partial_z)\) has a unique positive slope, but in a slightly different way based on the Borel transformation. He gives in particular conditions on the inhomogeneity \(f(t,z)\) and the Goursat data \(v(t,z)\) under which the solution of (1) is summable.