Koszul duality for quasi-split real groups (Q2238046)

The main result of the paper is a proof of a significant special case of Soergel's conjecture [\textit{W. Soergel}, NATO Sci. Ser. II, Math. Phys. Chem. 28, 379--414 (2001; Zbl 1001.22010)] which provides a categorification for Vogan's character duality [\textit{D. A. Vogan}, Duke Math. J. 49, 943--1073 (1982; Zbl 0536.22022)]. Koszul duality formalism was introduced to representation theory by [\textit{A. Beilinson} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 9, No. 2, 473--527 (1996; Zbl 0864.17006); \textit{W. Soergel}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 3, No. 2, 421--445 (1990; Zbl 0747.17008)]. These works demonstrate that deep numerical information about the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand category \(O\) of highest weight representations of a complex semisimple Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\), including Kazhdan-Lusztig conjectures, is related to the Koszul property of a finite dimensional ring \(A\) ``controlling'' the category. Moreover, a remarkable result of [\textit{W. Soergel}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 3, No. 2, 421--445 (1990; Zbl 0747.17008)], further generalized in [\textit{A. Beilinson} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 9, No. 2, 473--527 (1996; Zbl 0864.17006)], asserts that \(A\) is in fact isomorphic to its Koszul dual ring \(A^!\). The category \(O\) is well known to be equivalent to the category of Harish-Chandra bimodules. This is a special case of the category of Harish-Chandra \((\mathfrak{g}, K)\)-modules, where \(\mathfrak{g}\) and \(K\) are, respectively, complexifications of the Lie algebra of a real reductive group and of its maximal compact subgroup. A conjectural generalization of the result of [\textit{A. Beilinson} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 9, No. 2, 473--527 (1996; Zbl 0864.17006)] to the latter setting proposed in [\textit{W. Soergel}, NATO Sci. Ser. II, Math. Phys. Chem. 28, 379--414 (2001; Zbl 1001.22010)] provides a categorical upgrade of Vogan's character duality [\textit{D. A. Vogan}, Duke Math. J. 49, 943--1073 (1982; Zbl 0536.22022)]. In the present article this conjecture is proven in the special case when the real group in question is quasi-split. The paper displays a mastery of a panoply of advanced techniques in algebraic geometry and representation theory.