Inverse eigenvalue problems for singular rank one perturbations of a Sturm-Liouville operator (Q2244266)

This paper is concerned with the inverse eigenvalue problem for singular rank one perturbations of a Sturm-Liouville operator. The author determines uniquely the potential function from the spectra of the Sturm-Liouville operator and its rank one perturbation. In other words, the goal of this paper is to deal with the inverse problem of recovering the potential \(q(x)\) from the spectra of \(L\) and \(\widetilde{L}\), by applying the method in [\textit{B. Simon}, in: Mathematical quantum theory II: Schrödinger operators. Proceedings of the Canadian Mathematical Society annual seminar on mathematical quantum theory held in Vancouver, Canada, August 4-14, 1993. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. 109--149 (1995; Zbl 0824.47019)] and the perturbation theory for linear operators [\textit{T. Kato}, Perturbation theory for linear operators. Corr. printing of the 2nd ed. Springer, Cham (1980; Zbl 0435.47001)]. The author considers the boundary value problem \[ \widetilde{L}y:=-y''+ q(x)y+\alpha\delta(x-x_{0})y(x_{0})=\lambda y,\ \ \ x\in(0, 1) \] with the boundary conditions \[ y'(0)=y(1)=0, \] where \(q(x)\in L^{2}(0,1)\) is real valued, \(\alpha\in \mathbb{R} \setminus \{0\}, x_{0}\in(0,1)\), and \(\delta(x)\) is the Dirac delta function. The operator \(\widetilde{L}\) is a self-adjoint operator in \(L^{2}(0,1)\), which is a singular rank one perturbation of the Sturm-Liouville operator \(Ly:=-y''(x)+ q(x)y(x).\) The author establishes the expression of the characteristic function of \(L\) which provides a necessary preliminary for treating with its inverse eigenvalue problem. He proves in Theorem 2 that if the spectra of \(L\) and \(\widetilde{L}\) are disjoint, the potential \(q(x)\) can be determined uniquely from the spectra of \(L\) and \(\widetilde{L}\) and the numbers of zeros, contained in \((0, x_{0} )\), of all eigenfunctions of \(L\).