The representations of generalized inverses of lower triangular operators (Q2266856)

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The representations of generalized inverses of lower triangular operators
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    The representations of generalized inverses of lower triangular operators (English)
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    26 February 2010
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    For complex Hilbert spaces \(\mathcal H, \mathcal K\), let \(\mathcal B(\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\) denote the space of all bounded linear operators from \(\mathcal H\) into \(\mathcal K\). When \(\mathcal H = \mathcal K\), we denote \(\mathcal B(\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\) by \(\mathcal B(\mathcal H)\). For \(T \in \mathcal B (\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\), if there exists an operator \(T^{\dagger} \in \mathcal B(\mathcal K, \mathcal H)\) such that \(TT^{\dagger}T=T,~T^{\dagger}TT^{\dagger}=T^{\dagger},~TT^{\dagger} = (TT^{\dagger})^*,~ T^{\dagger}T=(T^{\dagger}T)^*\), then \(T^{\dagger}\) is called the Moore-Penrose inverse of \(T\). It is well-known that \(T\) has a Moore-Penrose inverse if and only if \(R(T)\), the range of \(T\), is closed and that, if it exists, then it is unique. For \(A \in \mathcal B(\mathcal H), ~B \in \mathcal B(\mathcal K)\) and \(C \in \mathcal B(\mathcal H, \mathcal K)\), let \(M_{C}(A,B):\mathcal H \oplus \mathcal K \to\mathcal H \oplus \mathcal K\) be defined by \(M_{C}(A,B)=\left(\begin{smallmatrix} A & 0 \\ C & D \\ \end{smallmatrix}\right)\). Let \(M_{C}^{\dagger}(A,B)\) denote the Moore-Penrose inverse of \(M_{C}(A,B)\). Let \(R(A)=L_1\), \(N(A^*)=L_2\), \(N(P_{N(A)}C^*P_{N(B^*)}) \cap N(B^*) = L_3\), \(R(P_{N(B^*)}CP_{N(A)}) = L_4\) and \(R(B)=L_5\). Then \(\mathcal H \oplus \mathcal K\) has a direct-sum decomposition \(L_1 \oplus L_2 \oplus L_3 \oplus L_4 \oplus L_5\), considered here as the domain space (for \(M_{C}^{\dagger}(A,B)\)). Also, let \(R(A^*)=M_1\), \(R(P_{N(A)}C^*P_{N(B^*)}) = M_2\), \(R(P_{N(B^*)}CP_{N(A)}) \cap N(A) = M_3\), \(N(B) = M_4\) and \(R(B^*)=M_5\). Then \(\mathcal H \oplus \mathcal K\) has another direct-sum decomposition \(M_1 \oplus M_2 \oplus M_3 \oplus M_4 \oplus M_5\), this time being considered as the codomain. In the paper under review, the authors present sufficient conditions under which \(M_{C}^{\dagger}(A,B)\) exists and derive a \(5 \times 5\) block operator representation for the same, as an operator on \(\mathcal H \oplus \mathcal K\) with respect to the direct-sum decompositions of \(\mathcal H \oplus \mathcal K\), as mentioned above. As an application, an explicit representation of the Bott-Duffin inverse of a bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space is obtained.
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    Moore-Penrose inverse
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    lower triangular operator matrix
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    Bott-Duffin inverse
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