Hopf-Galois extensions and an exact sequence for \(H\)-Picard groups. (Q2270115)

Let \(H\) be a Hopf algebra with bijective antipode over a field \(k\) and \(A\) a right \(H\)-comodule algebra. Then \(A\) is called a faithfully flat \(H\)-Galois extension of \(B\) if \(A\in{_B\mathcal M}\) is faithfully flat, \(B=A^{coH}\), and the map \(\text{can}\colon A\otimes_BA\to A\otimes_kH\) is an isomorphism by \(\text{can}(a\otimes_B b)=ab_{[0]}\otimes b_{[1]}\) where \(A^{coH}\) is the subalgebra of coinvariants of \(A\) and \(\rho(b)=b_{[0]}\otimes b_{[1]}\) is the right \(H\)-coaction of \(A\). Let \(Z(B)\) be the center of \(B\). The authors review the Miyashita-Ulbrich action of \(H\) on \(Z(B)\), the cotensor product of Hopf Galois extensions and the cleft extensions, and derive the Militaru-Stefan lifting theorem for a faithfully flat \(H\)-Galois extension \(A\) of \(B\). Next, let \(A\) be an \(H\)-comodule algebra, \(\underline{\text{Pic}^H(A)}\) the category with strict \(H\)-Morita context of the form \((A,A,P,Q,\alpha,\beta)\) as objects and morphism \((f,g)\) between \((A,A,P_1,Q_1,\alpha_1,\beta_1)\) and \((A,A,P_2,Q_2,\alpha_2,\beta_2)\) such that \(f\colon P_1\to P_2\), \(g\colon Q_1\to Q_2\) are \(H\)-colinear and \(A\)-bimodule isomorphisms, \(\alpha_1=\alpha_2\circ (f\otimes_Bg)\) and \(\beta_1=\beta_2\circ (g\otimes_Af)\). Then \(\text{Pic}^H(A)=k_0\underline{\text{Pic}^H(A)}\) which is called the \(H\)-Picard group of \(A\). Also the cotensor product Picard group \(\text{Pic}^{\square H}(B)\) of \(B\) is defined, and shown that \(\text{Pic}^H(A)\cong\text{Pic}^{\square H}(B)\). Moreover, the \(H\)-invariant subgroup \(\text{Pic}(B)^H\) of \(\text{Pic}(B)\) is defined. Denote the Sweedler cohomology groups by \(H^*(H,Z(A^{coH}))\) with respect to the Miyashita-Ulbrich action of \(H\) on \(Z(A^{coH})\). Then the Beattie-del Río exact sequence is generalized. If \(H\) is cocommutative and \(A\) a faithfully flat \(H\)-Galois extension, then there exist group homomorphisms \(g_1\) and \(g_2\) and not necessary a group homomorphism \(g_3\) such that the following sequence is exact: \[ 1\to H^1(H,Z(A^{coH}))@>g_1>>\text{Pic}^H(A)@>g_2>>\text{Pic}(A^{coH})^H@>g_3>> H^2(H,Z(A^{coH})). \] Furthermore, the above exact sequence is discussed for Galois objects \(A\) over a non-cocommutative Hopf algebra \(H\).