Homological multiplicities in representation theory of \(p\)-adic groups (Q2287991)

Let \(G\) be a reductive group over a non-Archimedean local field \(F\), and \(X\) be an \(F\)-spherical \(G\)-variety. Suppose that \(\pi\) is a smooth \(G\)-representation of finite length. In the paper under review, the authors obtain the following results. (Theorem A) They show that the homological multiplicities \(m_X^i(\pi):= \dim \mathrm{Ext}^i_G(\mathcal{S}(X),\pi)\) are finite for all \(i\geq 0\) whenever \(m_X^0(\pi)\) is. Here \(\mathcal{S}(X)\) is the space of Schwartz functions on \(X\). (Theorem D) They also provide a method for computing these multiplicities if \(\pi\) is a parabolically induced representation \(i_M^G\rho\), by first regarding \(\pi\) as a member of a family of representations \(\pi_\chi:=i_M^G(\rho\chi)\) where \(\chi\in \mathfrak{X}_M\), the complex torus of unramified characters of \(M\), and then equating \(m_X^i(\pi_\chi)\) with the sheaf theoretic homological multiplicities \(\dim \mathrm{Ext}^i_{O({\mathfrak{X}_M})}(\mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{S}(X)}((M,\rho)),\delta_\chi)\). Here \(\delta_\chi\) is the skyscraper sheaf over \(\chi\), and \(\mathcal{F}_{\mathcal{S}(X)}((M,\rho)):=\mathrm{Hom}_G(\bar{i}_M^G (\rho\otimes \mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{X}_M)),\mathcal{S}(X))\), where \(\bar{i}_M^G \) is the normalized parabolic induction. (Theorem B) They show that the Euler-Poincaré characteristic \(\sum_i (-1)^i m_X^i(\pi_\chi)\) is constant as a function of \({\chi\in {\mathfrak{X}_M}}\). The transition between representations and sheaves is proved in Theorem 4.3. Some representation theoretic and homological backgrounds are referred to Bernstein's notes and the results of Prasad.