Graded polynomial identities of triangular algebras (Q2301989)

We start from results description. Let \(F\) be any field, \(G\) a finite abelian group and let \(A, B\) be \(F\)-algebras graded by subgroups of \(G\). If \(M\) is a \(G\)-graded free \((A,B)\)-bimodule, the authors describe the \(G\)-graded polynomial identities of the triangular algebra of \(M\) and, in case the field \(F\) has characteristic zero, they provide a description of its \(G\)-graded cocharacters by means of the graded cocharacters of \(A\) and \(B\). In the present paper, \(G\)-graded polynomial identities of \(R\) (Theorem 10) are determined provided that the graded components of \(M\) are in some (specified) sense free and the \(G\)-supports of \(M\) and \(A\oplus B\) are disjoint. This result does not depend on the characteristic of the base field \(F\) nor on its cardinality, so the results are valid for finite fields too. When \(ch(F)=0\) it is provided the \(S_n\)-structure of the \(G\)-graded multilinear spaces \(P^G_n(R)\), related to the \(S_n\)-cocharacters of \(A, B\) and \(A\oplus B\) (Theorem 17 and Corollary 19). In short, the authors transfer the famous Lewin theorem [\textit{J. Lewin}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 188, 293--308 (1974; Zbl 0343.16002)] to some graded cases. Now let us say some remarks (from personal point of view of reviewer). The Specht problem for alternative, Jordan and Lie algebras (provided multiplication operator algebra to be \(PI\)) was solved in characteristic zero without representability of relatively free algebras (unlike associative case) due to lack of Lewin type theorem [\textit{A. Ya. Vajs} and \textit{E. I. Zel'manov}, Sov. Math. 33, No. 6, 38--47 (1990; Zbl 0695.17014); translation from Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Mat. 1989, No. 6(325), 42--51 (1989); \textit{A. V. Il'tyakov}, Sib. Math. J. 32, No. 6, (1991; Zbl 0777.17028); translation from Sib. Mat. Zh. 32, No. 6(190), 61--76 (1991); \textit{A. V. Il'tyakov}, Nova J. Algebra Geom. 1, No. 3, 207--259 (1992; Zbl 0892.17007)]. By the same reason, in the paper [\textit{A. Ya. Belov}, Mat. Tr. 10, No. 1, 29--96 (2007; Zbl 1249.17003); translation in Sib. Adv. Math. 17, No. 4, 227--267 (2007)] there is an unwanted assumption: the algebra satisfies all identities of some finite dimensional algebra.