Cesàro means and convex-cyclic operators (Q2302304)

Let \(T\) be a bounded operator on a complex separable Banach space \(X\). Given an integer \(p\ge 0\), the operator \(T\) is said to be \((p)\)-Cesàro-hypercyclic if there exists a vector \(x\in X\) such that the set \(\{M_n^{(p)}(T)(x):n\ge 0\}\) is dense in \(X\). The operators \(M_n^{(p)}(T)\), \(n\ge 0\), are the Cesàro means of order \(p\) of \(T\). They are defined recursively by setting \(M_n^{(0)}(T)=T^n\) for every \(n\ge 0\) and, for every \(p\ge 1\), \[ M_n^{(p)}(T)=\dfrac{p.n!}{(n+p)!}\sum_{j=0}^n \dfrac{(j+p+1)!}{j!}\,M_j^{p-1}(T) \text{ for every }n. \] It is proved, generalising a result known for \(p=1\), that \(T\) is \((p)\)-Cesàro-hypercyclic if and only if there exists a vector \(x\in X\) such that the set \[ \left\{\frac{T^nx}{n^p}:n\ge 1\right\} \] is dense in \(X\). Applications to the study of convex-cyclic operators are provided (a~complex polynomial \(p\) is said to be convex if all its coefficients are nonnegative and \(p(1)=1\), and the operator \(T\) on \(X\) is called \textit{convex-cyclic} if there exists a vector \(x\in X\) such that the set \(\{p(T)x:p\text{ a convex polynomial}\}\) is dense in \(X\)).