Existence of isotropic complete solutions of the \(\Pi\)-Hamilton-Jacobi equation (Q2302530)

If \((M,\omega)\) is a symplectic manifold of dimension \(d=2s\), \(N\) is a second manifold of dimension \(k\), \(\Pi:M\to N\) is a surjective submersion, and there is a Hamiltonian system with phase space \(M\) and a Hamiltonian function \(H\), then, for the Hamiltonian vector field \(X_H\), a global complete solution of the so-called \(\Pi\)-Hamilton-Jacobi Equation (\(\Pi\)-HJE) is a surjective local diffeomorphism \(\Sigma: N\times\Lambda\to M\) such that \( i_{X_H^\Sigma}\Sigma^*\omega=\Sigma^*\mathrm{d}H\) and \(\Pi\circ\Sigma=p_N\), where \(\Lambda\) is a third manifold of dimension \(d-k\), the vector field \(X_H^\Sigma\) on \(N\times\Lambda\) is given by \(X^\Sigma_H(n,\lambda)=(\Pi_*(X_H(\Sigma(n,\lambda))),0)\), and \(p_N:N\times\Lambda\to N\) is the canonical projection onto the first factor. A local complete solution of the \(\Pi\)-HJE for \(X_H\), along an open subset \(U\), is a complete solution of the \(\Pi_{|U}\)-HJE for \({X_H}_{|U}\). For each \(\lambda\in\Lambda\), the function \(\sigma_\lambda:N\to M\), \(n\mapsto\Sigma(n,\lambda)\) is a section of \(\Pi\) and it is called a partial solution, or simply a solution, of the \(\Pi\)-HJE. On the other hand, \(\Sigma\) is said to be isotropic if \(\sigma^*_\lambda\omega=0,\forall\lambda\in\Lambda\), or, equivalently, if each vector subspace \(\Sigma_*(T_nN\times\{0\}_\lambda)\subset T_{\Sigma(n,\lambda)}M\) is isotropic with respect to \(\omega\). The standard Hamilton-Jacobi Theory corresponds to the case in which (i)\, \(M\) is a cotangent bundle \(T^*Q\), (ii)\, \(\omega\) is the canonical symplectic form \(\omega_Q\) of \(T^*Q\), (iii)\, \(\Pi\) is the canonical projection \(\pi_Q:T^*Q\to Q\), and its complete solutions are precisely the Lagrangian complete solutions of the \(\pi_Q\)-HJE. In this case the complete solutions are locally given by the formula \(\Sigma(q,\lambda)=\mathrm{d} W_\lambda(q)\), where each function \(W_\lambda\), called Hamilton's characteristic function, satisfies the standard Hamilton-Jacobi equation \(\mathrm{d}(H\circ\mathrm{d}W_\lambda)=0\). A submersion \(F:M\to\Lambda\) is called a first integrals submersion if \(\mathrm{im}X_H\subset\ker F_*\). \(F\) is said to be transverse to \(\Pi\) if \(TM=\ker\Pi_*\oplus\ker F_*\), and \(F\) is said to be isotropic if \(\ker F_*\subset(\ker F_*)^\perp\). The goal of this paper is to to prove that, under certain conditions, an isotropic complete solution exists around almost every point of \(M\). The author shows that if \((M,\omega)\) is a symplectic manifold \((M,\omega)\), \(X_H\) is a Hamiltonian vector field, \(\Pi:M\to N\) is a fibration, \(\ker\Pi_{*,m}\) is co-isotropic for some point \(m\in M\), and \(X_H(m)\notin\ker\Pi_{*,m}\), then there exist a neighborhood \(U\) of \(m\) and a local isotropic complete solution of the \(\Pi\)-HJE for \(X_H\) along \(U\). Additionally, it is shown that for an \(s\)-manifold \(Q\) and a Hamiltonian function \(H:T^*Q\to\mathbb{R}\), around every point \(m\in T^*Q\) such that \(X_H(m)\notin\ker(\pi_Q)_{*,m}\), there exists a complete family of Hamilton's characteristic functions around \(m\). For a function \(H\in C^\infty\) and a submersion \(F:M\to\Lambda\), the pair \((H,F)\) is said to be a non-commutative or Mischenko-Fomenko integrable system if \(F\) is a first integrals submersion, isotropic, and symplectically complete. The author shows that for a function \(H\in C^\infty(M)\), if \((M,\omega)\) is a \(2s\)-dimensional symplectic manifold, and \(\mathrm{d}H(m)\ne 0\) for a given point \(m\in M\), then for every \(l\) such that \(2s > l\ge s\), there exist a neighborhood \(U\) of \(m\) and a submersion \(F:U\to\mathbb{R}^l\) such that the pair \((H_{|U},F)\) is a non-commutative integrable system. In particular, if \(l=s\), then \((H_{|U},F)\) is a commutative integrable system. Moreover, if no fibration is fixed, then the author shows that, for every \(k\le s\), there exist a neighborhood \(U\) of \(m\), a fibration \(\pi:U\to\pi(U)\subset\mathbb{R}^k\), and an isotropic complete solution of the \(\pi\)-HJE for \({X_H}_{|U}\).