Heteroclinic solutions for classical and singular \(\phi\)-Laplacian non-autonomous differential equations (Q2306141)

Summary: In this paper, we consider the second order discontinuous differential equation in the real line, \( (a(t,u) \phi(u'))' =f(t,u,u')\), a.e.t \(\in \mathbb{R}, u(-\infty)=\nu^-\), \(u(+\infty)=\nu^+,\) with \(\phi\) an increasing homeomorphism such that \(\phi(0) = 0\) and \(\phi(\mathbb{R}) = \mathbb{R}\), \(a \in C(\mathbb{R}^2, \mathbb{R})\) with \(a(t, x) > 0\) for \((t, x) \in \mathbb{R}^2\), \(f : \mathbb{R}^3 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) a \(L^1\)-Carathéodory function and \(\nu^-, \nu^+ \in \mathbb{R}\) such that \(\nu^- < \nu^+\). The existence and localization of heteroclinic connections is obtained assuming a Nagumo-type condition on the real line and without asymptotic conditions on the nonlinearities \(\phi\) and \(f\). To the best of our knowledge, this result is even new when \(\phi(y) = y\), that is for equation \((a(t,u(t))u',(t))'=f(t,u(t),u'(t))\), a.e.t \(\in \mathbb{R}\). Moreover, these results can be applied to classical and singular \(\phi\)-Laplacian equations and to the mean curvature operator.