On the second-order Fréchet derivatives of eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville problems in potentials (Q2316822)

The authors are concerned with the dependence of eigenvalues on potentials for the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue second-order problem: \[ -z''+q(x)z=\lambda z,\quad x\in(0,\pi) \] associated to Sturm boundary conditions. It is well known that the problem has an increasing sequence of eigenvalues that depend on the potential \(q\). The authors express the second-order Fréchet derivative of the \(n\)-th eigenvalue in term of the \(n\)-th eigenvector and the unique solution of an inhomogeneous linear ODE. The concavity of eigenvalues in potentials is also discussed in Section 3.