Interval oscillation criteria for second-order linear differential equations with impulsive effects (Q2320097)

The author studies the impulsive differential equation \[ \begin{gathered}x''+a(t)x=0, \quad t\neq \theta_k>t_0>0;\\ \Delta x'(\theta_k)+b_kx(\theta_k)=0, \end{gathered}\tag{1} \] where \(a(t)\) is a continuous function, the sequence \(\{\theta_k\}\) is unbounded and \(\Delta z(\theta_k)=z(\theta_k^+)-z(\theta_k^-)\). The equation is said to be oscillatory if all nontrivial solutions are oscillatory (have arbitrary large zeros). The author extends the well-known Philos type oscillation criteria to equation (1). The approach used in the paper allows weighting function of the type \[ H(t,s)=\left(\ln\frac ts\right)^n \] which is not allowed in the classical setting when dealing with Philos-type criteria. Examples which show that the oscillation is caused by the presence of impulses are present.