On the decomposition of the small diagonal of a \(K3\) surface (Q2322400)

The aim of the paper under review is to give an alternative proof of a decomposition theorem (Theorem 1) of the small diagonal in \(\mathrm{CH}_0(S)\) for a \(K3\) surface \(S\), which is originally proved by Beauville and Voisin. Here, the \(K3\) surface \(S\) is polarised by a very ample line bundle \(L\) of degree \(2g-2\) which generates the Picard group of \(S\). The key to the proof is to consider a surface \(\Sigma_0\) consisting of points \((p_1, \, p_2)\) in \(S\times S\) for which there exists an element \([P]\) of the Grassmann variety \(Gr(g-1, g+1)\) such that the intersection \(S\cap P\) is the sum of \((2g-3)p_1\) and \(p_2\). In fact, it is proved in Proposition 1.1(b) that there exists a component \(\Sigma\) of \(\Sigma_0\) that dominates both factors of \(S\times S\), and then, crucial observations are made in Lemma 1.3. The final part of the paper is devoted to study a class in the cohomology group of \(S\times S\) in Proposition 2.1 that is closely related to the study of the cohomology group of the Hilbert scheme \(S^{[2g-2]}\).