Counting rational points and lower bounds for Galois orbits (Q2335819)

Let \(K\) be a number field with \([K:\mathbb{Q}]=d\), let \(X\subset [0,1]^n\) be a set admitting a \((J,A,C)\)-mild parametrization (i.e. it can be covered by the images of \(J\) functions \(f_1,\dots, f_J:[0,1]^3\longrightarrow [0,1]^n\) which are \(\mathcal{C}^\infty\) and whose partial derivatives of order \(\mu\) are bounded by \(\mu!(A\mu^C)^\mu\)) and, for any \(x\in X\), let \(H(x)\) be the maximum of the Weil multiplicative heights of the coordinates of \(x\). At first the paper aims at founding a bound in terms of \(d\), \(n\) and \(h\) for the cardinality of \[ X(K,h):=\{ x\in X\cap K^n\,:\,H(x)\leqslant h\}, \] and the author easily achieves this goal for Pfaffian curves and surfaces (which admit a mild parametrization) by reinterpreting results of \textit{J. Pila} [ Sel. Math. New Ser. 15, No. 1, 151--170 (2009; Zbl 1218.11068)] and \textit{G. O. Jones} and \textit{ M. E. M. Thomas} [Q. J. Math. 63, No. 3, 637--651 (2012; Zbl 1253.03065)] in terms of the degree \(d\) and obtaining bounds polynomial in \(d\) and logarithmic in \(h\) (instead of the poly-log bounds in \(h\) of the above mentioned papers). The author then applies these results plus some bounds on the Weil height of torsion points to Legendre elliptic curves (after proving that they admit a mild parametrization \((1,A,C)\)) to obtain a lower bound for the degree of the number field generated by points of order \(n\).