On the cohomology of tori over local fields with perfect residue field (Q2339619)

Let \(A\) be a complete discrete valuation ring with fraction field \(K\) and \textit{perfect} residue field \(k\). Denote by \(\mathcal{G}\) and \(g\) be the absolute Galois groups of \(K\) and \(k\) respectively. Let \(T\) be a \(K\)-torus and let \(\mathcal{T}\) be its Néron model over \(S:=\mathrm{Spec}(A)\). The group of connected components of the special fiber of \(\mathcal{T}/S\) is a 0-dimensional commutative \(k\)-group scheme, whose geometric points define a \(g\)-module \(\phi(T)\). The first main result of this paper is that this \(g\)-module is canonically isomorphic to \(X_*(T)_I\). Here \(I=\ker(\mathcal{G}\to g)\) is the inertia subgroup of \(\mathcal{G}\), \(X_*(T)\) denotes the \(\mathcal{G}\)-module of the characters of \(T\), and \(X_*(T)_I\) denotes the group of \(I\)-coinvariants. The same result was proved by \textit{R. A. Bitan} [J. Number Theory 131, No. 9, 1657--1671 (2011; Zbl 1235.11064)] when \(k\) \textit{finite}. Unlike Bitan's method, the authors of this paper have not used Bruhat--Tits theory but proved their generalized version using a more functorial construction, called \textit{canonical resolution}. When the residue field \(k\) has cohomological dimension at most 1, the authors obtain from this description of \(\phi(T)\) canonical isomorphisms \[ H^r(K,\,T)\cong H^r(k,\,X_*(T)_I)\,,\quad \text{for }\; r=1,\,2 \] and \(H^r(K,\,T)=0\) for \(r\geq 3\). If one considers more generally a connected reductive group \(G\), with algebraic fundamental group \(\pi_1(G)\), then it is shown that Borovoi's abelianized cohomology groups \(H^r_{ab}(K_{fl},\,G)\) are isomorphic to \(H^r(k,\,\pi_1(G)_I)\) for \(r=1,\,2\) and 0 for \(r\geq 3\). This last result has a corollary that \(H^1(K,\,G)\) can be endowed with an abelian group structure.