Gorenstein \(\mathbb{Q}\)-homology projective planes (Q2341347)

From the authors' introduction: ``A normal projective surface with quotient singularities whose second Betti number is \(1\) is called a \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective plane. It is easy to see by considering the Albanese map that such a surface has first Betti number \(0\), hence has the same Betti number with the complex projective plane. A \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective plane has Picard number \(1\) and either \(\pm K\) is ample or \(K\) is numerically trivial. The minimal resolution of a \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective plane has \(p_g=q=0\). A \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective plane is said to be \textit{Gorenstein} if its singularities are all rational double points. A combination of rational double points will be denoted by its singularity type, a combination of \(A_n\), \(D_n\) and \(E_n\), e.g., the singularity type \(2A_3\oplus3A_1\) denotes 2 rational double points of type \(A_3\) and \(3\) of type \(A_1\). Gorenstein \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective planes with ample anti-canonical divisor are called Gorenstein log del Pezzo surfaces of rank 1 and classified by \textit{M. Furushima} [Nagoya Math. J. 104, 1--28 (1986; Zbl 0612.14037)], \textit{M. Miyanishi} and \textit{D. Q. Zhang} [J. Algebra 118, No. 1, 63--84 (1988; Zbl 0664.14019)] and by \textit{Q. Ye} [Jpn. J. Math., New Ser. 28, No. 1, 87--136 (2002; Zbl 1053.14044)]. There are exactly 27 singularity types on such surfaces and the surfaces with each singularity type were classified. The list of these 27 types will be denoted by \(\mathbf L\)\(_{K<0}\). Let \(\mathbf L\) be the list of all singularity types on Gorenstein \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective planes, and \(\mathbf L_{K\equiv0}\) resp.\ \(\mathbf L_{K\not\equiv0}\) be the sub-list corresponding to the case where the canonical class \(K\) is numerically trivial (resp.\ not trivial). Then \(\mathbf L_{K\not\equiv0}\) contains two sub-lists \(\mathbf L_{K<0}\) and \(\mathbf L_{K>0}\), and the two sub-lists may overlap each other. Since a Gorenstein \(\mathbb Q\)-homology projective plane has rational double points only, it can be shown (see Section 2) that the rank of the singularity type is at most 9 and is equal to \(9\) if and and only if \(K\equiv 0\). Thus \(\mathbf L\) is the disjoint union of \(\mathbf L_{K\not\equiv0}\) and \(\mathbf L_{K\equiv0}\). Not much has been known about \(\mathbf L\) except the sub-list \(\mathbf L_{K<0}\). In this note, we obtain the list \(\mathbf L\).''