Measure theoretic trigonometric functions (Q2351849)

The author investigates eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the Laplacian \(\Delta_\mu := \frac{d}{d\mu}\frac{d}{dx}\), where \(\mu \) is a Borel probability measure supported on \([0,1]\). To this end, a technique that mirrors the treatment of the classical eigenvalue problem \(f'' = - \lambda f\) with homogeneous Dirichlet or von Neumann boundary conditions is employed and leads to the introduction of generalized sine and cosine functions. Emphasis is placed on measures \(\mu\) that are self-similar and in this context generalized identities for sine and cosine functions are derived. Several examples of a self-similar measure \(\mu\) are presented and the eigenvalues of \(\Delta_\mu\) in the \(L^2\)- and \(L^\infty\)-norm computed.