On \(T\)-characterized subgroups of compact abelian groups (Q2352971)

Let \(G\) be an abelian topological group. A sequence \({\mathbf u}=(u_n)\) in \(G\) is called a \textit{\(T\)-sequence}, if there exists a Hausdorff group topology \(\tau\) on \(G\) such that \({\mathbf u}\) converges to \(0\) in \(\tau\). A subgroup \(H\) of a compact abelian group \(X\) is named a \textit{characterized subgroup} if there exists a sequence \({\mathbf u}\) in the discrete character group \(X^\wedge\) such that \(H=s_{{\mathbf u}}(X):=\{x\in X:\;u_n(x)\to 0\}\). In case \({\mathbf u}\) is also a \(T\)-sequence in \(X^\wedge\), the subgroup \(H\) of \(X\) is said to be a \textit{\(T\)-characterized subgroup} of \(X\). In this paper the author characterizes the closed \(T\)-characterized subgroups of an infinite compact abelian group \(X\): A closed subgroup \(H\) of \(X\) is \(T\)-characterized iff it is a \(G_\delta\)-subgroup and its annihilator \(H^\bot\leq X^\wedge\) admits a minimally almost periodic group topology. This means that the group \(H^\bot\) has only the trivial character \(H^\bot\to\mathbb T,\;x\mapsto 1\). As a consequence he obtains: An infinite compact abelian group \(X\) is connected iff all closed \(G_\delta\)-subgroups are \(T\)-characterized. He also proves that every unbounded compact abelian group has a dense \(T\)-characterized subgroup which is not an \(F_\sigma\)-subgroup.