Localization in equivariant operational \(K\)-theory and the Chang-Skjelbred property (Q2364449)

The GKM theory, named after \textit{M. Goresky} et al. [Invent. Math. 131, No. 1, 25--83 (1998; Zbl 0897.22009)] is concerned with the equivariant cohomology theory of \(T\)-\textit{skeletal} varieties i.e. varieties with an action of a complex algebraic torus having a finite number of fixed points and invariant curves. Let \(X\) be a \(T\)-skeletal variety and \(X^{T}\) be the fixed point set of the torus action. The main objective of the GKM-theory is to compute, for \(X\) equivariantly formal, the image of the map \(i^{*}: H^{*}_{T}(X)\rightarrow H^{*}_{T}(X^{T}).\) This theory is mainly applicable to smooth projective \(T\)-skeletal varieties, because one has then the Białynicki-Birula decomposition [\textit{A. Bialynicki-Birula}, Ann. Math. (2) 98, 480--497 (1973; Zbl 0275.14007)]. The theory was developed also for other equivariant cohomology theories e.g. equivariant Chow groups [\textit{M. Brion}, Transform. Groups 2, No. 3, 225--267 (1997; Zbl 0916.14003)]), equivariant algebraic \(K\)-theory [\textit{G. Vezzosi} and \textit{A. Vistoli}, Invent. Math. 153, No. 1, 1--44 (2003; Zbl 1032.19001)] and equivariant algebraic cobordism [\textit{A. Krishna}, Adv. Math. 231, No. 5, 2858--2891 (2012; Zbl 1260.14012)]. The main result of the paper is a generalization of localization theorem of Borel-Atiyah-Segal to operational \(K\)-theory of \textit{D. Anderson} and \textit{S. Payne} [Doc. Math., J. DMV 20, 357--399 (2015; Zbl 1344.14010)]. Inspired by the ideas from [\textit{T. Chang} and \textit{T. Skjelbred}, Ann. Math. (2) 100, 307--321 (1974; Zbl 0249.57023)] and [\textit{M. Goresky} et al., Invent. Math. 131, No. 1, 25--83 (1998; Zbl 0897.22009)] the author establishes the GKM theory in this setting applicable also to singular schemes with a torus action. The main technique is the Gillet-Kimura descent for equivariant envelopes. The author also gives an application. Namely, he extends description of equivariant \(K\)-theory of smooth compactifications of reductive groups to the equivariant operational \(K\)-theory of all (possibly singular), projective group embeddings.