On the Hasse principle for finite group schemes over global function fields (Q2391614)

Let \(K\) be a global field, \(G_{K}=\mathrm{Gal}(K^{\mathrm{sep}}|K)\) be its absolute Galois group and \(G_{v}=\mathrm{Gal}(K_{v}^{\mathrm{sep}}|K_{v})\subset G_{K}\) be the decomposition group for any place \(v\). Let \(M\) be a commutative finite flat \(K\)-group scheme. Set \[ \text Ш^{1}(K,M)=\mathrm{Ker}\left[\mathrm{H}^{1}_{\mathrm{fppf}}(K,M)\to\prod_{v}\mathrm{H}^{1}_{\mathrm{fppf}}(K_{v},M)\right] \] and \[ \text Ш^{1}(G_{K},M)=\mathrm{Ker}\left[\mathrm{H}^{1}(G_{K},M(K^{\mathrm{sep}}))\to\prod_{v}\mathrm{H}^{1}(G_{v},M(K_{v}^{\mathrm{sep}}))\right]. \] It is clear that if \(K\) is a number field \(\text Ш^{1}(G_{K},M)\simeq\textШ^{1}(K,M)\). Sufficient conditions for the vanishing of the Galois cohomology \(\text Ш^{1}(G_{K},M)\) have been studied for global fields \(K\) of any characteristic. However, when \(K\) is a global function field of characteristic \(p>0\) and \(M\) has \(p\)-power order, the vanishing of fppf-cohomology \(\text Ш^{1}(K,M)\) and the similar isomorphism have not been discussed. In the paper under review, the authors prove that for any place \(v\) of a global function field \(K\), the inflation map induces an isomorphism \[ \mathrm{Ker}\left[\mathrm{H}^{1}(G_{K},M(K^{sep}))\to\mathrm{H}^{1}(G_{v},M(K_{v}^{sep}))\right]\overset\simeq{}\mathrm{Ker}\left[\mathrm{H}^{1}_{\mathrm{fppf}}{(K,M)}\mathrm{H}^{1}_{\mathrm{fppf}}(K_{v},M)\right], \] in particular they obtain an isomorphism \[ \text Ш^{1}(G_{K},M)\overset\simeq{}\textШ^{1}(K,M). \] Then they apply this to give sufficient conditions for the vanish of \(\text Ш^{1}(K,A_{p^{m}})\) for abelian varieties \(A_{/K}\). Several cohomological consequences are also presented.