Hartman-Wintner-type inequality for a fractional boundary value problem via a fractional derivative with respect to another function (Q2398741)

In this article, the fractional boundary value problem \[ \begin{aligned} (D^\alpha_{a,g} u)(t) + q(t)u(t)& =0, a <t <b \\ u(a)& =u(b)=0\end{aligned}\tag{1} \] is considered, where \(a,b \in \mathbb{R}, a<b, \alpha \in (1,2), q: [a,b] \to \mathbb{R}\) is a continuous and \(D^\alpha_{a,g}\) is the fractional derivative operator of order \(\alpha\) with respect to a certain nondecreasing function \(g \in C^1([a,b],\mathbb{R})\) with \(g'(x)>0, x\in(a,b)\). The main result is an Hartman-Wintner-type inequality, derived for (1). It is proved that this inequality is fulfilled if the boundary value problem (1) has a nontrivial solution. As consequence, from this result for different choices of the function \(g\) the authors deduce several Lyapunov-type inequalities, some of them involving Hadamard fractional derivative. Moreover reducing problem (1) to an eigenvalue problem, as an application of their main result estimates for the eigenvalues are obtained.