Arc spaces, motivic measure and Lipschitz geometry of real algebraic sets (Q2423412)

The main part of this paper consists in developing a version of motivic integration in real algebraic geometry which has usual good properties like a change of variables formula. Using it, the authors obtain some inverse mapping theorems for arc-analytic maps, namely: Suppose that \((X_1, x_1)\) and \((X_2, x_2)\) are two germs of real algebraic sets and suppose that \(f\colon (X_1, x_1) \to (X_2, x_2)\) is a germ of a semialgebraic, generically arc-analytic homeomorphism. (Arc analytic means that the composition of a real analytic arc \((-1,1) \to X_1\) with \(f\) is again analytic.) Under the assumption that the motivic measure of the arcs of \(X_i\) centered at \(x_i\) are equal for \(i=1,2\), the authors obtain the following: (a) If the Jacobian determinant of \(f\) is bounded from below, then the inverse \(f^{-1}\) is also arc analytic and also has Jacobian determinant bounded from below. (b) If \(f^{-1}\) Lipschitz with respect to the inner distance, then so is \(f\). The notion of motivic integration is of ``geometric style'': Given an algebraic set \(X\) over \(\mathbb{R}\) (possibly singular), a notion of measurable subsets \(A\) of the arc space \(\mathcal{L}(X)\) is introduced, and for such \(A\), a motivic measure \(\mu(A)\) is defined, which takes values in the completion \(\widehat{\mathcal M}\) of the localization \(\mathcal M = K_0(\mathcal{AS})[\mathbb{L}^{-1}]\) of some Grothendieck ring \(K_0(\mathcal{AS})\) (where as usual \(\mathbb{L}\) is the class in \(K_0(\mathcal{AS})\) of the affine line). The Grothendieck ring \(K_0(\mathcal{AS})\) used here is the one obtained from arc symmetric sets, which form a sub-class of the semi-algebraic sets (but contain all algebraic sets). Note that the Grothendieck ring of all semi-algebraic sets is almost trivial, whereas \(K_0(\mathcal{AS})\) contains a reasonable amount of information. Moverover, \(K_0(\mathcal{AS})\) is well-understood. As in the complex world, one would like to define the measure of a set \(A \subset \mathcal{L}(X)\) via its images \(\pi_m(A)\) in the jet spaces \(\mathcal{L}_m(X)\). However, when \(X\) is singular, even in the case \(A = \mathcal{L}(X)\), \(\pi_m(A)\) might not be arc symmetric. The authors overcome this difficulty by removing a small neighbourhood of the singular locus \(\mathcal{L}(X_{\mathrm{sing}})\) and letting that neighbourhood become smaller and smaller.