Quantization of Hamiltonian loop group spaces (Q2423427)

Let $G$ be a a compact connected Lie group with its Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, $LG$ the loop group, and $(\mathcal{M},\omega_{\mathcal{M}},\Phi_{\mathcal{M}})$ a Hamiltonian $LG$-space with proper moment map $\Phi_{\mathcal{M}}:\mathcal{M}\rightarrow L\mathfrak{g}^{\ast}$. This paper describes and studies an index-theoretic \textit{quantization} of $\mathcal{M}$, in the spirit of the quantization of Hamiltonian $G$-space via the equivariant index of twisted Dirac operator, and the $[Q,R]=0$ theorem [\textit{V. Guillemin} and \textit{S. Sternberg}, Invent. Math. 67, 515--538 (1982; Zbl 0503.58018); \textit{P. Hochs} and \textit{Y. Song}, Duke Math. J. 166, No. 6, 1125--1178 (2017; Zbl 1370.58010); \textit{E. Meinrenken}, Adv. Math. 134, No. 2, 240--277 (1998; Zbl 0929.53045); \textit{P.-E. Paradan}, J. Funct. Anal. 187, No. 2, 442--509 (2001; Zbl 1001.53062); \textit{P.-E. Paradan} and \textit{M. Vergne}, Acta Math. 218, No. 1, 137--199 (2017; Zbl 1385.53035); \textit{Y. Tian} and \textit{W. Zhang}, Invent. Math. 132, No. 2, 229--259 (1998; Zbl 0944.53047)]. In [``Spinor modules for Hamiltonian loop group spaces'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1706.07493}], the authors, together with Meinrenken, constructed a finite-dimensional \textit{global transversal} $\mathcal{Y}\subset\mathcal{M}$ as well as a canonical spinor module $S\rightarrow\mathcal{Y}$. This paper demonstrates that the corresponding spin-$\mathrm{c}$ Dirac operator $\mathcal{D}$ acting on sections of $S$ twisted by $L$ determines an element $[\mathcal{D}]$ in a suitable K-homology group. Taking the \textit{index pairing} or \textit{cap product} with a suitable K-cohomology class $\mathrm{x}$, an element $\mathrm{x}\cap[\mathcal{D}]$ of the formal completion of the representation ring $R^{-\infty}(T)$ of a maximal torus $T\subset G$ is obtained. The corresponding multiplicity function is anti-symmetric under the action of the affine Weyl group, meaning that it is the numerator of the Weyl-Kac character formula of a graded \textit{positive energy representation}, which is taken as $Q(\mathcal{M},L)$. In [``Geometric K-homology and the Freed-Hopkins-Teleman theorem'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1804.05213}], the first author established that $Q(\mathcal{M},L)$ coincides with the image under the Freed-Hopkins-Teleman isomorphism [\textit{D. S. Freed} et al., Ann. Math. (2) 174, No. 2, 947--1007 (2011; Zbl 1239.19002); \textit{D. S. Freed} et al., J. Topol. 4, No. 4, 737--798 (2011; Zbl 1241.19002); \textit{D. S. Freed} et al., J. Am. Math. Soc. 26, No. 3, 595--644 (2013; Zbl 1273.22015)] of the quantization of $M=\mathcal{M}/\Omega G$ in terms of twisted K-homology. This relationship is discussed briefly in \S 4.8. One fascinating feature of $Q(\mathcal{M},L)$ in this paper is its amenability to the Witten deformation [Zbl 1001.53062; \textit{P.-E. Paradan} and \textit{M. Vergne}, Witten non abelian localization for equivariant \(K\)-theory, and the \([Q,R]=0\) theorem. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2019; Zbl 1439.58015); Zbl 0944.53047]. In [``Norm-square localization and the quantization of Hamiltonian loop group spaces'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1810.02347}], the authors studied this deformation in detail, showing a formula in the spirit of [Zbl 1001.53062]: \[ \mathrm{x}\cap[\mathcal{D}]=\sum_{\beta\in W\cdot\mathcal{B}}\mathrm{index}(\sigma_{\beta,\theta}\otimes\mathrm{Sym}(\upsilon_{\beta})) \] where $\mathrm{x}$ is a suitable K-cohomology class, $\mathcal{B}\subset\mathfrak{t}_{+}$ indexes components of the critical set of the norm-square of the moment map, $\sigma_{\beta,\theta}$ is a transversally elliptic symbol on the fixed-point set $\mathcal{Y}^{\beta}$, and $\upsilon_{\beta}$ is the normal bundle to $\mathcal{Y}^{\beta}$ in $\mathcal{Y}$. endowed with a $\beta$\textit{-polarized} complex structure.