A cohomology approach to the extension problem for commutative hypergroups (Q2428568)

The paper is concerned with the extension problem for hypergroups, the construction of new hypergroups by extensions. In fact, in terms of second order cohomology of hypergroups (generalizing the corresponding notions for groups, cf. [\textit{G. W. Mackey}, ``Unitary representations of group extensions. I.'', Acta Math. 99, 265--311 (1958; Zbl 0082.11301)]) the authors determine commutative hypergroup-extensions of discrete countable hypergroups \(L\) by Abelian locally compact groups \(H\). The main result, Theorem 5.4, shows that, given \(L\) and \(H\) as above, and an \(M^1(H)\)-valued cocycle \(c\) of \(L\) associated with a quasi-field \(\eta: L\ni l\mapsto H(l)\) of compact subgroups of \(H\), a commutative hypergroup-extension \(K(H,\eta,c,L)\) of \(L\) by \(H\) is defined, and conversely, any extension arises in that way. The paper is organized as follows: Beginning with preliminaries on hypergroups, followed by a review of Mackey's cohomology on groups, a motivation for the constructions in the following Section 4, cohomology on hypergroups arising from a cross-section. (Including definition and properties of \(M^1(H)\)-valued cocycles on the hypergroup \(L\).) The following Section 5, construction of extensions, includes quasi-fields of compact subgroups of \(H\), cf. the authors [``Extensions of Pontryagin hypergroups'', Prob. Math. Stat. 26, No. 2, 245--260 (2006; Zbl 1127.43005)], and the afore-mentioned main result Theorem 5.4. The concluding Section 6 establishes a semigroup structure in the family of (equivalence classes of) extensions, determining the split extensions by the unit of this semigroup. For the background of hypergroup extensions the reader is referred to joins and substitutions of hypergroups (cf. e.g., [\textit{R. I. Jewett}, ``Spaces with an abstract convolution of measures'', Adv. Math. 18, 1--101 (1975; Zbl 0325.42017); \textit{M. Voit}, ``Substitution of open subhypergroups'', Hokkaido Math. J. 23, No. 1, 143--183 (1994; Zbl 0821.43004), ibid. ``Hypergroups on two tori'', Semigroup Forum 76, No. 2, 192--203 (2008; Zbl 1173.43003)] and the authors [Prob. Math. Stat. 26, No. 2, 245--260 (2006; Zbl 1127.43005)] (mentioned above); the authors, \textit{Y. Katayama} and \textit{K. Kawasaki} [``Extensions of finite commutative hypergroups'', Sci. Math. Jpn. 65, No. 3, 373--385 (2007; Zbl 1151.43004)], and the authors, \textit{T. Jimbo}, \textit{S. Kawakami} and \textit{K. Kawasaki} [``Finite commutative hypergroups associated with actions of finite abelian groups'', Bull. Nara Univ. Ed. 54, 23--29 (2005)]).