On the one-dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation below \(L^{2}\) (Q2428705)

In the paper, a review of several resent results concerning well-posedness of the one-dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) on the real line \(R\) and on the circle \(T\) below \(L^2\) threshold is given. Namely, it is considered the problem \[ i u_{t}-u_{xx}\pm |u|^2u =0; \;\;u|_{t=0}=u_0, \] \( (x,t) \in T \times R \) or \(R \times R\), \(u\) is a complex-valued function. The above problem arises in various physical settings, for example in nonlinear optics. Common results for NLS on \(R\) and the so-called Wick-ordered NLS on \(T\) are pointed out. It is suggested that the Wick-ordered NLS may be an appropriate model for the study of solutions below \(L^2(T)\). In particular, \textit{L. Molinet} [Math. Res. Lett. 16, No. 1, 111--120 (2009; Zbl 1180.35487)] proved that the solution map for the periodic cubic NLS equation is not weakly continuous from \(L^2(T)\) to the space of distributions. It is shown in the present paper that this is not the case for the Wick-ordered NLS.