Linearization of analytic isochronous centers from a given commutator (Q2465183)

Given an analytic planar vector field of the form \(X=(-y+o(x,y))\partial_x+(x+o(x,y))\partial_y\). There are several known different characterizations for the origin to be an isochronous center. Two of them are: there exists another analytic vector field \(Y=(x+o(x,y))\partial_x+(y+o(x,y))\partial_y\) such that \([X,Y]=0\); there exists a near-identity analytic change of variables \((u,v)=\phi(x,y)\) such that in these new variables the vector field linearizes as \(-v\partial_u+u\partial_v.\) It is easy to get \(Y\) from a given \(\phi.\) The inverse problem, i.e. construct \(\phi\) from \(Y,\) is solved in this paper. The authors prove the following result: Let \(Y\) be as above and such that \([X,Y]=0,\) then the transformation \(u=\sqrt{f(H)}g(I)/\sqrt{1+g^2(I)},\) \(v=\sqrt{f(H)}/\sqrt{1+g^2(I)}\) linearizes \(X.\) Here \(H\) and \(I\) are first integrals of \(X\) and \(Y,\) respectively, associated with the common inverse integrating factor \(X\wedge Y\) of both vector fields and \(f\) and \(g\) are two functions such that \(f(H(x,y))=x^2+y^2+h.o.t.\) and \(g(I(x,y))=(y+h.o.t.)/(x+ h.o.t.)\). The result is applied to several concrete systems the get the corresponding linearizing changes.