Extremal structure of the unit ball of direct sums of Banach spaces (Q2470087)

Let \(Z\) be a finite-dimensional normed space \((\mathbb{R}^n,\|\cdot\|_Z)\) with monotone norm, i.e., \[ \|(a_1,\dots, a_n)\|_Z\leq \|(b_1,\dots, b_n)\|_Z \] if \(0\leq a_i\leq b_i\) for each \(i= 1,2,\dots, n\). In the present paper, the authors characterize the extreme points and smooth points of the unit ball of the \(Z\)-direct sum \((X_1\oplus X_2\oplus\cdots\oplus X_n)_Z\) of the Banach spaces \(X_1,X_2,\dots, X_n\) equipped with the norm \[ \|(x_1,\dots, x_n)\|= \|(\| x_1\|_{X_1},\dots,\| x_n\|_{X_n})\|_Z, \] where \(x_i\in X_i\) for each \(i= 1,2,\dots, n\). Using these results, they prove some characteristic noncreasiness and uniform noncreasiness of the \(Z\)-direct sums. These results extend results of \textit{S.\,Saejung} [Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl.\ 67, No.\,5\,(A), 1649--1653 (2007; Zbl 1120.46009)].