Resolutions of ideals of any six fat points in \(\mathbb{P}^{2}\) (Q2470362)

The study of interpolation in \(\mathbb{P}^2\) has a long history; in particular, given a set of points \(P_1,\dots ,P_s\) in the projective plane, the problem of determining the homogeneous ideal of the forms vanishing at each \(P_i\) with their derivatives up to a given order \(m_i-1\) has been worked upon by many authors and from many points of view in the last 25 years. The aim of this paper is to give a complete description of the possible minimal resolution of such ideals when \(s=6\), for any choice of \(m_1,\dots ,m_6\) and of \(P_1,\dots ,P_6\) in the plane. It turns out that there are 11 possible different configurations of 6 points in the plane, and for each of them a procedure is given for computing the graded Betti numbers of the ideals \(I_1^{m_1}\cap\dots\cap I_6^{m_6}\), where \(I_i\) is the homogeneous ideal of \(P_i\). The procedure (and the technique to prove the results) depends on the study of the divisor classes and their intersection on the surface obtained by blowing up the plane at the six points. It turns out that only considerations of ``Bézout type'' matter in determining the Hilbert function and Betti graded numbers for the ideals corresponding to those classes.