Asymptotics for Amitsur's Capelli-type polynomials and verbally prime PI-algebras. (Q2472741)

Let \(F\) be a field of characteristic 0. The paper under review studies asymptotical properties of the sequences of codimensions of several important algebras. These are the so-called verbally prime algebras; their role in PI theory was revealed by Kemer in his description of the structure of the T-ideals. Recall that a T-ideal is T-prime if it is prime inside the class of all T-ideals. Furthermore, according to Kemer's theory the only nontrivial T-prime T-ideals in characteristic 0 are those of \(M_n(F)\), \(M_n(G)\), and \(M_{kl}(G)\). Here \(G\) is the Grassmann algebra of infinite dimension, and \(M_{kl}(G)\) is the subalgebra of \(M_n(G)\), \(n=k+l\), consisting of all block matrices with two blocks \(k\times k\) and \(l\times l\) on the main diagonal with entries from \(G_0\), the centre of \(G\), and the two off-diagonal blocks with entries from \(G_1\), the anti-commuting part of \(G\). The authors relate the asymptotic behaviour of the codimensios of the algebras \(M_k(G)\) and \(M_{k,l}(G)\) to those of the T-ideals generated by appropriate Amitsur-Capelli polynomials. Here we recall the definition of the Amitsur-Capelli polynomial \(e^*_{pq}\). Let \(p\) and \(q\) be positive integers and let \(n=(p+1)(q+1)\). Suppose \(\mu\) is the rectangular partition of \(n\) having rows of length \(p+1\) and columns of height \(q+1\). Then \(e^*_{pq}=\sum\chi_\mu(\sigma)x_{\sigma(1)}y_1x_{\sigma(2)}y_2\cdots y_{n-1}x_{\sigma(n)}\) where the sum runs over all permutations \(\sigma\in S_n\) and \(\chi_\mu(\sigma)\) is the value of the character of the irreducible representation of \(S_n\) associated to the partition \(\mu\). The authors prove that \(c_n(M_k(G))\sim c_n(E^*_{k^2,k^2})\) and that \(c_n(M_{kl}(G))\sim c_n(E^*_{k^2,0})\). Here \(c_n\) stands for the codimension of the corresponding algebra (or T-ideal) and \(E^*_{pq}\) is the set of the polynomials obtained from \(e^*_{pq}\) by substituting variables \(y\) for 1 in all possible \(2^{n-1}\) ways. Furthermore the sequences \(a_n\) and \(b_n\) are asymptotically equal, \(a_n\sim b_n\) when \(\lim_{n\to\infty}(a_n/b_n)=1\).