On the bifurcation of double homoclinic loops of a cubic system (Q2479299)

The paper considers a cubic planar symmetric system of the form \[ \left\{\begin{aligned} \dot x&=y + \varepsilon[a_1x+(a_2+a_3+1)x^3+(b_1-3)x^2y+(a_2-3a_3+1)xy^2+(b_1+1)y^3],\\ \dot y&=x-x^3+ \varepsilon[a_1y+(b_1+1)x^3+(a_2+3a_3-1)x^2y+(b_1-3)xy^2+(a_2-a_3-1)y^3], \end{aligned} \right. \] where \(\varepsilon >0\) is a small parameter. Based on focus and saddle quantities, some quantities that determine the stability of the appearing double homoclinic loop are presented. Combining the Hopf and double homoclinic loop bifurcations, it is shown that for the above system seven limit cycles can bifurcate from the homoclinic loop.