Domain walls of single-component Bose--Einstein condensates in external potentials (Q2486243)

The authors investigate several possibilities to create domain walls in single-component models, with a special emphasis for those based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, in the presence of external potentials. It is argued that domain walls are possible only in the model with intrinsic attraction, and a necessary condition is that the optical-lattice strength must exceed a threshold value. The proofs combine the analytic approach, variational methods, and direct simulations based on numerical experiments.