Phase transition and semi-global reducibility (Q2510674)

The 1D continuous Schrödinger operators \(H=H_{\lambda V, \alpha, \theta}\) with analytic quasi-periodic potential of two frequencies: \[ \left(H_{\lambda V, \alpha, \theta} y\right)(t)=-y''(t)+\lambda V(\theta_{1}+t, \theta_{2}+\alpha t)y(t) \] and the associated Schrödinger equation \[ (H_{\lambda V, \alpha, \theta})y(t)=Ey(t) \] are examined where \(V:\mathbf{T} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) is an analytic potential, \(\theta =(\theta_{1},\theta_{2}) \in \mathbf{T}^{2}\) is the phase, \(w_{0}:=(1,\alpha)\) with \(\alpha \in \mathbb{R} \;\mathbf{Q}\) is the frequency and \(\lambda \in \mathbb{R}^{+}\) is the coupling constant. Since the spectral measure is singular at the bottom of the spectrum and purely absolutely continuous in the upper part of the spectrum, there is a phase transition when the energy increases. In this paper, the exact power-law for the phase transition in energy by the semi-global reducibility theory of analytic quasi-periodic linear systems is obtained.