Liénard limit cycles enclosing period annuli, or enclosed by period annuli (Q2566491)

The author constructs polynomial systems of differential equations on \(\mathbb{R}^2\) of the form \[ \text{(L)}\quad \dot x = y, \;\dot y = -g(x) -yf(x), \] of two types: (1) the system is of degree \(4k+2\) and has a period annulus (an annular region composed of periodic orbits) that surrounds \(2k\) limit cycles (isolated closed orbits); (2) the system is of degree \(6k\) and has \(k\) concentric limit cycles surrounding a center (a period annulus whose inner boundary is an equilibrium point). The author also proves existence of a real analytic system of the form (L) containing a center surrounded by infinitely many limit cycles.