Multiple results to \(\phi\)-Laplacian singular Liénard equation and applications (Q2659616)

This paper investigates the solvability of the following \(\phi\)-Laplacian generalized Liénard equation with a singularity \[ (\phi(u'))'+ f(t,u)u'+\frac{b(t)}{u^{\rho}}=h(t)u^m, \] where \(\phi: {\mathbb{R}}\to {\mathbb{R}}\) is a continuous function such that \(\phi(0)=0\), \[ (\phi(u_1)-\phi(u_2))(u_1-u_2)>0\;\text{ for all }\,u_1\neq u_2,\; u_1,u_2\in {\mathbb{R}}, \] and there exists a function \(\alpha:[0,+\infty)\to[0,+\infty)\) with \(\alpha(s)\to+\infty\) as \(s\to+\infty\) for which \(\phi(u) \cdot u\geq\alpha(|u|)|u|\) for \(u\in {\mathbb{R}}\), the functions \(b, h\in C({\mathbb{R}}, {\mathbb{R}})\) are \(\omega\)-periodic and do not change their sign, \(\rho>0\) and \(m\) are constants, and the main nonlinearity \(f\in C({\mathbb{R}}\times{\mathbb{R}}, {\mathbb{R}})\) is \(\omega\)-periodic with respect to \(t\) and such that \[ f(t,u)>0\,\text{ or }\,f(t,u)<0\,\text{ for all }\,(t,u)\in[0,\omega]\times {\mathbb{R}}.\tag{1} \] Using a continuation theorem of Manásevich and Mawhin and a priori bounds, the authors show that the considered equation has at least one positive \(\omega\)-periodic solution. Several similar results for the case \(f(t,u)\equiv f(u)\), \(\phi(u)\equiv\phi_p(u)=|u|^{p-2}u, p>1\), are also given. Condition (1) is not imposed in them. The authors use one of these theorems to show that the Rayleght-Plasset equation \[ \rho\Bigl(RR''+\frac{3}{2}(R')^2\Bigr)=p_v-p_\infty(t)-\frac{2\sigma}{R}-\frac{4\mu}{R}R', \] where \(p_v,\rho, \sigma, \mu\) are positive constants and \(p_\infty(t)<p_v\) for all \(t\), has at least one positive periodic solution.