A CR singular analogue of Severi's theorem (Q2664651)

It is known that a real-analytic CR function on a real-analytic CR submanifold \(M\) extends locally (is the restriction of a holomorphic function) to a holomorphic function on \(M\). This can fail if the submanifold has CR singular points, and it is this question that the paper investigates. The authors examine this question in the presence of CR singular points, first for a quadric real-analytic CR singular submanifold of codimension \(1\) and then for more general real-analytic submanifolds also of codimension \(1\). The phenomenon does not occur in codimension \(1\). The authors give necessary and sufficient conditions for a CR singular quadric submanifold of the form \[ w=Q(z,\overline{z})=z^*Ax +\overline{z^tBz} +{z^tCz},\tag{1} \] to permit local holomorphic extension. Here \((z,w)\in \mathbb{C}^n\times \mathbb{C}\), and \(A\), \(B\), \(C\) are complex \(n\times n\) matrices with \(B\) and \(C\) symmetric. One such condition is that linear CR functions on \(M\) extend holomorphically. Another condition is that \[ \text{Rank } \left[\begin{matrix} A^*\\B \end{matrix} \right]\geq 2.\tag{2} \] In addition, the authors prove that if either of these conditions fail, the submanifold must be one of four exceptional cases. From these results for (1) the authors establish a more general result for real-analytic CR singular submanifolds and this is the main result of the paper: Under the rank condition (2), assuming \((z,w)\in\mathbb{C}^n\times\mathbb{C}\), \(n\geq 0\), are coordinates near the origin, suppose that \(M\subset \mathbb{C}^{n+1}\) is a codimension \(1\) real analytic submanifold of the form \[ w=\rho(z,\overline{z})=Q(z,\overline{z}) +E(z,\overline{z}),\tag{3} \] where \(Q(z,\overline{z})\) is defined in (1) and \(\|E(z)\|=O\left(\|z\|^3\right)\). Let \(f(z,\overline{z})\) be a real-analytic function defined near the origin. If \(f\), when considered as a function on \(M\) (paramerized by \(z\)) is a CR function on \(M_{CR}\) (the CR points of the submanifold), then there will exist a unique holomorphic function \(F(z,w)\) defined near the origin such that \(f\) and \(F\) agree on \(M\), that is, \[ f(z,\overline{z})=F(z,\rho(z,\overline{z})).\tag{4} \] It should be noted that in equation (3) \(\rho\) is not necessarily real-valued and consists of two real equations for coordinates \((z,w)\in \mathbb{C}^n\times \mathbb{C}\). In order to prove (4), an extension function is sought of the form \[ F(z,w)=f(z,\overline{z}) + a(z,\overline{z},w,\overline{w})(w-\rho(z,\overline{z})) + b(z,\overline{z},w,\overline{w})(\overline{w}-\overline{\rho}(\overline{z},z)), \] where \(a\) and \(b\) are convergent power series. This can be further simplified to \[ F(z,w)=f(z,\overline{z}) + c(z,\overline{z},w,\overline{w})(w-\rho(z,\overline{z})). \] The proof is based on an old idea of Severi that involves solving for the barred variables in terms of the unbarred variables and applying CR vector fields. Some additional applications are given including a condition for flattening and a classification of CR singular images of CR submanifolds.