Lieb-Thirring inequalities for generalized magnetic fields (Q270060)

The paper deals with inequalities of Lieb--Thirring type for selfadjoint Schrödinger operators associated with the formal differential expression \[ \mathcal{L} = - \frac{d^2}{d x^2} \otimes I + P (x) \frac{d}{d x} \otimes I + \widetilde{Q} (x), \] acting on vector-valued functions of a real interval; here \(P(x)\) is an anti-hermitian matrix and \(Q(x) := \widetilde{Q} (x) - \frac{P' (x)}{2} + \frac{P^2 (x)}{4}\) is a hermitian Matrix for each \(x\). The differential expression \(\mathcal{L}\) covers the cases of Schrödinger operators with magnetic and electric potentials. Selfadjoint operator realizations of \(\mathcal{L}\) on the whole real axis, a half-line and a bounded interval are considered, where Robin boundary conditions are imposed at the finite endpoints in the last two cases. In the case of the whole real line the obtained Lieb--Thirring bound reads \[ \sum_{i = 1}^\infty \lambda_i^{3/2} \leq \frac{3}{16} \int_{\mathbb{R}} \mathrm{Tr}\,(Q_-^2) d x, \] provided the integral on the right-hand side is finite; here \(\lambda_i\) denote the negative eigenvalues of the selfadjoint operator associated with L in \(L^2 (\mathbb{R}; \mathbb{C}^n)\) counted with multiplicities. In the cases of a half-line and of a finite interval similar estimates are achieved, which involve the coefficients in the Robin boundary conditions. The special choice \(P = 0\) leads to earlier results by several authors. Implications of the main results to sums of higher powers of the negative eigenvalues are provided in a series of corollaries. Finally, the case of a star graph consisting of finitely many semi-infinite edges is discussed.