On the degenerate spectral gaps of the 1D Schrödinger operators with 4-term periodic delta potentials (Q2865717)

This paper considers the one-dimensional operator \(-d^2/dx^2+V\) with NEWLINE\[NEWLINE V=\sum_{\ell\in{\mathbb Z}}\sum_{k=1}^m\beta_k\delta(x-\kappa_k-2\pi\ell), NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where the \(\beta_k\) are real and nonzero, \(m=4\), \(0<\kappa_1<2\pi\), \(\kappa_2=\pi\), \(\kappa_3=2\pi-\kappa_1\) and \(\kappa_4=0\). Conditions on the \(\beta_k\) leading to the existence of infinitely many spectral gaps are given. These results are compared with earlier work by Gesztesy, Holden and Kirsch (\(m=1\), [\textit{F. Gesztesy} et al., J. Math. Anal. Appl. 134, No. 1, 9--29 (1988; Zbl 0669.47002)]), Yoshitomi (\(m=2\), [\textit{K. Yoshitomi}, Hokkaido Math. J. 35, No. 2, 365--378 (2006; Zbl 1114.34067)]) and the author (\(m=3\), [\textit{H. Niikuni}, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 44, No. 4, 2847--2870 (2012; Zbl 1263.34119)]).