Exact model structures and recollements (Q290434)

In this paper, the author considers weakly idempotent complete categories possessing a Quillen exact structure, which are called here WIC exact categories, as a convenient formal language to discuss recollements of triangulated categories. The main result says that if \(\mathcal{M}_1 = (\mathcal{W}_1, \mathcal{F}_1)\), \(M\mathcal{M}_2 = (\mathcal{W}_2, \mathcal{F}_2)\), and \(\mathcal{M}_3 = (\mathcal{W}_3, \mathcal{F}_3)\) are injective cotorsion pairs in a WIC exact category \(\mathcal{A}\) with enough injectives, then each corresponds to an injective model structure on \(\mathcal{A}\) having \(\mathcal{F}_i\) as its class of fibrant objects, and having a triangulated homotopy category \(\mathcal{A}/\mathcal{W}_i \simeq \mathcal{F}_i/\sim \). It turns out that in this situation, \(\mathcal{F}_i\) is a Frobenius category and the formal \(\sim\) is characterized by: \(f\sim g\) iff \(g-f\) factors through an injective. If the three cotorsion pairs satisfy the simple containments \(\mathcal{F}_3 \subseteq\mathcal{F}_1\) and \(\mathcal{W}_3\cap \mathcal{F}_1 = \mathcal{F}_2\), then one gets a recollement diagram. The projective dual of this result is also stated. The first motivating example is the classical Verdier localization recollement involving the homotopy category \(K(R)\) of a ring \(R\), the derived category \(D(R)\) and the full subcategory \(E/\sim\) of exact complexes modulo the chain homotopy relation \(\sim\). This general theory applies nicely to the particular case of Frobenius categories, but other interesting applications are given for the recollements due to A.~Neeman and D.~Murfet, by finding the correct model structures. In particular, for a ring \(R\), the author describes explicitly two balanced model structures, one injective and one projective, for the derived category of the exact category of flat modules.