Cuntz-Pimsner algebras for subproduct systems (Q2909478)

Let \(M\) be a \(C^\ast\)-algebra. A subproduct system (over the additive semigroup \(\mathbb N_0:=\{0,1,\ldots\}\)) is a family \(X(n)\) of correspondences over \(M\) with a coassociative family of isometries NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \beta_{n,m}: X(n+m)\rightarrow X_n\otimes X_m NEWLINE\]NEWLINE (plus marginal conditions \(X(0)=M\) and \(\beta_{0,n},\beta_{n,0}\) being the canonical identifications). If the \(\beta_{n,m}\) are also surjective, we speak of a (discrete) product system. Every subproduct system is isomorphic to a subproduct subsystem of the product system \(X(1)^{\otimes n}\). The author considers subproduct systems that are adjointable in the sense that the \(\beta_{n,m}\) (respectively, the embeddings into \(X(1)^{\otimes n}\)) have adjoints.NEWLINENEWLINEThe Fock module over the subproduct system is simply \(F:=\bigoplus_{n\in N_0}X(n)\). The Toeplitz algebra (respectively, tensor algebra) is the \(C^\ast\)-algebra (respectively, Banach algebra) generated by the creation operators \(S_n(x_n)\) (\(x_n\in X(n)\), \(n\in N_0\)) acting as NEWLINE\[NEWLINE S_n(x_n)y_m:=\beta_{n,m}^\ast (x_n\otimes y_m). NEWLINE\]NEWLINE For a product system, the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra is defined as the quotient of the Toeplitz algebra by a certain ideal. The author shows by examples that, for subproduct systems, it is not a good idea to divide by the analogous ideal, but he proposes to divide by the ideal NEWLINE\[NEWLINE I:=\{S: \lim_{n\to\infty}\|SQ_n\|=0\}, NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(Q_n\) is the projection onto the \(n\)-particle sector \(X(n)\) in the Fock module. He calls the quotient the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of the the subproduct system.NEWLINENEWLINEIn the remainder, the author gives many interesting examples, and derives a number of results about the representations and Morita equivalence of tensor, Toeplitz, and Cuntz-Pimnser algebras.NEWLINENEWLINEReviewers remarks. Subproduct systems of correspondences have been introduced by \textit{O. Shalit} and \textit{B. Solel} [Doc. Math., J. DMV 14, 801--868 (2009; Zbl 1189.46056)]. Slightly later, and independently, subproduct systems of Hilbert spaces have been introduced by \textit{B. V. R. Bhat} and \textit{M. Mukherjee} [Infin. Dimens. Anal. Quantum Probab. Relat. Top. 13, No. 1, 1--26 (2010; Zbl 1198.46050)] under the name inclusion systems. Subproduct systems emerge, in particular, from irreversible quantum dynamics, such as quantum Lévy processes and quantum dynamical semigroups. The approach in Shalit and Solel [loc. cit.] based on so-called Arveson-Stinespring correspondences of CP-maps, which motivated the definition of subproduct systems, is limited to von Neumann algebras and von Neumann correspondences, where adjointability of the \(\beta_{n,m}\) is granted. The approach by \textit{B. V. R. Bhat} and \textit{M. Skeide} [Infin. Dimens. Anal. Quantum Probab. Relat. Top. 3, No. 4, 519--575 (2000; Zbl 1002.46033)] starts by writing down the subproduct system of GNS-correspondences of a CP-semigroup. This approach applies also for \(C^\ast\)-algebras and gives a subproduct systems of \(C^\ast\)-correspondences. The embeddings \(\beta_{n,m}\) here are, however, in general not adjointable.