A pointwise estimate for positive dyadic shifts and some applications (Q303598)

By a dyadic grid one means any dyadic lattice composed of cubes with sides parallel to the coordinate axis. One says that a collection \(\mathcal S\) of cubes belonging to the same dyadic grid is sparse if for all cubes \(Q\in\mathcal S\) there exist measurable subsets \(E(Q)\subset Q\) with \(|E(Q)|\geq |Q|/2\) and \(E(Q)\cap E(Q')=\emptyset\) unless \(Q=Q'\). For a collection \(\mathcal S\) of cubes, a locally integrable function \(f\) and \(m\in\mathbb N\cup\{0\}\), \(\mathcal A_{\mathcal S}^mf\) is a positive dyadic operator defined by \(\mathcal A_{\mathcal S}^mf(x) := \sum_{Q\in\mathcal S} \langle f\rangle_{Q^{(m)}}\chi_{Q}(x)\), where \(Q^{(m)}\) denotes the \(m\)-th dyadic parent of \(Q\), and \(\langle f\rangle_{Q^{(m)}}\) is the integral average of \(f\) over \(Q^{(m)}\). One of the authors' main result is as follows: Let \(P\) be a cube and \(\mathcal S\) a sparse collection of dyadic subcubes \(Q\) such that \(Q^{(m)}\subset P\). Then for all nonnegative integrable functions \(f\) on \(P\) there exists another sparse collection \(\mathcal S'\) such that \(\mathcal A_{\mathcal S}^mf(x)\lesssim (m+1)\mathcal A_{\mathcal S}^0f(x)\) for all \(x\in P\). As a corollary of this, they obtain the following result: if \(P\) is a dyadic cube, \(f\) is an integrable function supported on \(P\) and \(T\) is a Calderón-Zygmund operator whose kernel has modulus of continuity \(\omega\), then \(|Tf(x)| \lesssim \sum_{m=0}^{\infty}\omega(2^{-m})(m+1)\mathcal A_{\mathcal S_m}^0f(x)\) for a.e. \(x\in P\), where \(\mathcal S_m\) are sparse collections belonging to at most \(3^d\) different dyadic grids. This a refinement of a result by \textit{A. K. Lerner} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2013, No. 14, 3159--3170 (2013; Zbl 1318.42018)]. Several applications to weighted estimates for multilinear Calderón-Zygmund operators and square functions are also given.